The two rival Palestinian factions have failed to heal their political disputes since Hamas fighters expelled Fatah from Gaza in a short war in 2007
Dozens of officers entered the politically sensitive area, one of Islam's holiest sites, after several hundred protesters threw rocks and two firebombs at them following Friday prayers.
A surge in violence in the West Bank over the past several weeks has raised concern in Israel that a new Palestinian uprising could erupt. Tension is rising before a visit by President Barack Obama to Jerusalem and Ramallah at the end of the month and the possible re-start of stalled peace talks.