Rwanda-backed rebels massacred civilians in Congo, Human Rights Watch says

A rebel official says on X that M23 is gratuitously blamed for the massacres

Rwanda-backed M23 rebels killed at least 140 people in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo in July, Human Rights Watch said in a report on Wednesday that highlighted how violence remains elevated despite U.S.- and Qatar-backed peace talks underway.

The advocacy group provided new details about the killing spree first reported by Reuters in July. It said total killings in Rutshuru territory in July may exceed 300, echoing similar findings by the United Nations last month.

Reuters could not independently verify HRW's report.

The report included interviews with civilians that HRW said had survived the killings, elaborating on how the attacks had taken place. One woman, who saw M23 kill her husband with a machete, described being marched all day to a river with about 70 women and children.

"They told us to sit on the edge of the riverbank, and then they started shooting at us," the woman was quoted as saying. She said she survived after falling into the river without being shot.

Another man said he watched M23 rebels kill his wife and four children aged nine months to 10 years from afar, after failing to make it back in time to save them, according to the report.

On Jun 27, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo signed a US-brokered peace agreement, raising hopes for an end to fighting that has killed thousands and displaced hundreds of thousands more this year.

M23 has previously denied any role in the killings. Rebel official Benjamin Mbonimpa said on X that territories overrun by the group were well administered and that M23 was gratuitously blamed for the massacres.

A statement from Congo's foreign affairs ministry said the atrocities cast a shadow over the sincerity and commitment of stakeholders to the Washington peace agreement and the ongoing Doha talks.

HRW said the witness accounts indicated the attacks took place in at least 14 villages and farming areas near Virunga National Park in eastern Congo in July.

Citing 25 witness accounts, medical staff, UN personnel and other sources, HRW said most victims were ethnic Hutu, with some ethnic Nande.

HRW urged the UN Security Council, European Union and governments to expand sanctions, press for arrests and prosecutions, and called on Rwanda to allow UN and independent forensic experts into areas under M23 control.