In a high-scoring match Bangladesh were restricted to 210-9 as they chased 257. Rumana Ahmed made highest 75 while skipper Salma Khatun contributed 35.
Earlier, India after winning the toss scored 256 for six with captain Harmanpreet Kaur hitting 103 off exactly 100 balls.
Her knock contained 11 fours and two sixes.
Besides, opener Poonam Raut added a patient 80 off 104 balls.
India who won the first game by five wickets now lead the three-match series 2-0. The third and final game is Friday.