Shakib began the second Test against Sri Lanka with 170 wickets at the P Sara Oval in Colombo.
He picked up two wickets in Sri Lanka’s first innings and four more in the second to take his tally to 176 on Sunday.
Lock, whose Test career spanned from 1952 to 1968, was the fifth most successful southpaw with 174 wickets from 49 Tests. Shakib matched the number of Tests played by the Englishman to topple him.
The top four bowlers in the list, however, are quite a long way up.
India’s Bishan Singh Bedi is fourth with 266 wickets preceded by England’s Derek Underwood at third place with 297 wickets.
New Zealand’s Daniel Vettori, the first left-arm spinner to grab 300 wickets, finished his career with 362 wickets.
Sri Lanka’s Rangana Herath, however, tops the list after taking nine wickets in the Galle Test. He began the last innings in Colombo on Sunday with 370 wickets after bagging four in the first innings.