They surpassed the previous record of 263-5, set by Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2013
The 34-year-old, England's leading Test wicket-taker with 463 scalps, was named in the squad for the tour to Bangladesh where they play two Tests next month.
England travel to India in early November for a five-Test series.
"It's a tough one because as a player if you're fit you want to play, simple as that, no matter what the format you're desperate to play," Anderson told reporters.
"But there may well come a time when it will get managed. At 34 I probably have to manage myself, be managed, quite well. You want, if possible, to play every Test but India is going to be five back to back and that's a huge ask for any bowler," he added.
"There will probably come a point where we try to look and maybe I've got to sit out."