Paceman Rubel Hossain also got the call while left-handed batsman Imrul Kayes has been dropped.
On Tuesday, Bangladesh Cricket Board's Chief Selector Minhajul Abedin announced the 16-member squad at the Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium.
He said Imrul might return for the second Test after regaining fitness.
"He is an experienced player, but unfortunately sustained injuries during the Hyderabad (India) Test … He is scheduled for a fitness test on Mar 4 and a decision will be taken after that," a former Bangladesh skipper, Abedin told the media.
Paceman Shafiul Islam has been dropped while Rubel Hossain got the call for his performance in the Bangladesh Cricket League (BCL).
Explaining Shafiul's exclusion and taking Rubel, the chief selector said, "Shafiul had some problems during the warm-up match. We are not fully satisfied with his fitness. Rubel has performed very well in the three BCL matches he played."
He is being considered as a back-up opener due to Imrul's exclusion, said Abedin.
"If the matter is of wicket-keeping then [Nurul Islam] Sohan is very good at it. But Liton is way ahead when it comes to batting. We have included him considering his batting skills."
With Mustafizur and Rubel coming back in to the squad, the Tigers are now equipped with five pacers for the Sri Lanka tour with Taskin Ahmed, Kamrul Islam Rabbi and Shubashis.
Chief Selector Abedin said the decision to include five pacers is to be ready to face any situation.
"There might be grass on the wicket in Sri Lanka's Galle. We might have to play with three seamers if they come up with a sporting wicket.
"Since it's not possible to know now the type of the wicket, we have tried to make a squad considering all possible scenarios," he said.
The Tigers are scheduled for two-day warm up Test in Moratuwa on Mar 2. The first Test starts on Mar 7 in Galle.
The Second Test in Colombo, which will be Bangladesh's 100th Test match, kicks off on Mar 15.
Squad:
Mushfiqur Rahim (C), Tamim Iqbal, Soumya Sarkar, Mominul Haque, Mahmudullah Riyad, Shakib Al Hasan, Sabbir Rahman, Liton Kumar Das, Taijul Islam, Taskin Ahmed, Kamrul Islam Rabbi, Mustafizur Rahman, Mehedi Hasan Miraz, Mosaddek Hossain, Shubashis Roy Chowhdury and Rubel Hossain.