They surpassed the previous record of 263-5, set by Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2013
In his absence, his deputy in ODIs and Test skipper Hashim Amla will lead the Proteas.
Legspinner Eddie Leie, who debuted in the second T20 on Tuesday, will replace de Villiers in the squad.
The master blaster was handed a one-match suspension for maintaining a slow over-rate during their World Cup semi-final against New Zealand in March. It was his second offence within 12 months.
The first ODI against Bangladesh, which will be held in Mirpur on Friday, will be South Africa’s first since their World Cup exit in that match.