They have been identified as Md Iqbal, 32, of Chittagong, and Amirul Islam, 27, of Gopalganj.
Both of them were nabbed early on Sunday.
Iqbal returned from Dubai on a Qatar Airways flight around 3am, while Islam came back from Malaysia around 1:30am, customs intelligence officers said.
A search revealed 50 gold bars weighing 5.83 kg on Iqbal’s body and bag, Umme Nahida Akhter, assistant commissioner of customs intelligence, said.
The metal’s market value was estimated to be Tk 29 million, she said.
Officials found eight gold bars weighing 4.4 kg worth Tk around 20 million on searching Islam’s luggage, said Sampriti Pramanik, assistant commissioner at customs intelligence, said.
Both Dhaka and Chittagong airports have reported repeated gold hauls over the past several months.